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Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester , England with an estimated population of 503,000 in 2011. Manchester lies within the United Kingdom's third largest urban area; the Greater Manchester Urban Area which has a population of 2.2 million. People from Manchester are known as Mancunians and the local authority is Manchester City Council . Manchester is situated in the south-central part of North West England , fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south and the Pennines to the north and east. The recorded history of Manchester began with the civilian settlement associated with the Roman fort of Mamucium , which was established in c. 79 AD on a sandstone bluff near the confluence of the rivers Medlock and Irwell . Historically, most of the city was a part of Lancashire , although areas south of the River Mersey were in Cheshire . Throughout the Middle Ages Manchester remained a manorial township , but it began to expand "at an as...